Questão 32 · Língua Inglesa: Gramática
Texto associado à questão
Text 22A1-I
Philosophers of education are interested in analyzing and clarifying concepts and questions central to education:
What should be the aims or purposes of education? Who should be educated? Should education differ according to natural interests and abilities? What role should the state play in education? All of these questions are still asked today. In fact, every society must answer them, not once and for all time but as well and conscientiously as it can for the benefit of its people and the future of the Earth. In every age, the questions have elicited better and worse responses, and thoughtful people continue to examine the old responses in order to generate new ones induced by changing conditions.
The philosopher Plato, for instance, believed that students should be educated according to their capacities — they should not all have exactly the same education. In this century, the great American philosopher John Dewey spoke with some admiration of Plato’s astute observation that education should be tailored to the child. However, he faulted Plato for supposing that human beings necessarily fall into exactly three categories. Dewey wanted education to be fitted to each individual child. Further, Dewey rejected hierarchical categories of educational programs. Unlike Plato, he would not label one category better or higher than another.
Nel Noddings. Philosophy of education. New York: Routledge, 2018 (adapted).
In each of the options below a passage of text 22A1-I is followed by a suggestion for its replacement. Choose the option in which the meaning and the grammatical correctness of the text are maintained.
- A) “are interested in” (R.1) – inspired in
- B) “thoughtful people” (R. 10) – sympathetic people
- C) “but as well” (R.8) – however well
- D) “he faulted Plato” (R. 18 and 19) – the American criticized Plato
- E) “he would not label” (R. 22 and 23) – he did not ought label
Marque a alternativa correta:
Gabarito: D
Gabarito definitivo divulgado pela banca Cebraspe (PREF/BARRA/COQUEIROS 2020).
Comentário
Gabarito: D.
A alternativa D é a correta. No texto, “the great American philosopher John Dewey” é quem “faulted Plato” (criticou Plato). Substituir por “the American criticized Plato” mantém o sentido, porque “the American” retoma John Dewey, e a estrutura gramatical está correta: sujeito, verbo no passado simples e complemento.
As demais estão erradas:
- (A) Errada: a expressão correta é “inspired by”; “inspired in” está gramaticalmente incorreta e altera o sentido.
- (B) Errada: “thoughtful people” (pessoas reflexivas) não equivale a “sympathetic people” (pessoas simpáticas), o que muda o significado.
- (C) Errada: “as well as it can” significa “da melhor forma que pode”; “however well” muda o sentido e a estrutura.
- (E) Errada: “he did not ought label” é uma construção gramatical inexistente em inglês; o correto seria “ought not to label”, e mesmo assim o sentido mudaria.
Dica: em questões de substituição, confira primeiro a gramática da construção e depois se o sentido se mantém.
Fundamentos: Texto-base: Nel Noddings, Philosophy of education (trecho do lote) · Gramática inglesa: preposições fixas e estrutura verbal
Comentário gerado pela Cravei IA a partir do enunciado e do gabarito definitivo divulgado pela banca, e conferido por uma verificação automática. A IA pode errar: o gabarito oficial sempre prevalece.
Fonte: prova Cebraspe PREF/BARRA/COQUEIROS 2020 (Diversos cargos), questão 32, com o gabarito definitivo da banca. Comentário: Equipe Cravei · como fazemos e revisamos.