Questão 34 · Língua Inglesa: Gramática
Texto associado à questão
Text 7A2-I
If we believe that our own information age is defined by the digital structures of electronic communication, we must take early modern culture as inextricably bound to the medium of print. Printed text and image arose within a few years of each other in the mid-fifteenth century, credited to the German goldsmith Johannes Gutenberg, who seemingly drew together a series of extant yet disparate technologies into a new machine that could print several thousand sheets a day. The ancient oil or wine press, the goldsmith’s craft in fine metal carving, the late-medieval development of plentiful rag paper, and the recent formulation of more stable oil-based inks enabled Gutenberg’s ‘revolution’.
Similarly, early photography developed from a coming together of two otherwise disparate technologies: on the one hand, the pinhole camera through which capture a refected view of the world as an image, and on the other the chemical means to fix the effects of light exposure on paper. In both cases, these technologies shared aesthetic resources with other media available at the time, while also producing forms of representation that were uniquely theirs, and which offered access to new ways of seeing, and enabled new forms of subjectivity. The greatly expanded flow of visual information facilitated by these technological breakthroughs worked to quicken the circulation of knowledge, and the foundations of thought itself.
Genevieve Warwick and Richard Taws. After Prometheus:
Art and Technology in Early Modern Europe. In:
Art History – Journal of the Association of Art Historians.
Special Edition: Art and Technology in Early Modern Europe. p. 201 (adapted).
In the last two sentences of text 7A2-I, the word
- A) “breakthroughs”, in “these technological breakthroughs”, is a word formed by coinage.
- B) “that”, in “that were uniquely theirs”, is a demonstrative pronoun.
- C) “which”, in “which offered access” is a relative pronoun.
- D) “itself”, in “the foundations of thought itself” is a reflexive pronoun referring to “foundations”.
- E) “these”, in “these technological breakthroughs”, works as a quantifier to indicate a following plural.
Marque a alternativa correta:
Gabarito: C
Gabarito definitivo divulgado pela banca Cebraspe (UNIVESP 2025).
Comentário
Gabarito: C.
No trecho “...producing forms of representation that were uniquely theirs, and which offered access to new ways of seeing...”, “which” é pronome relativo: retoma “forms of representation”, introduz uma oração adjetiva e é o sujeito de “offered”. Por isso a alternativa C está correta.
- A: “breakthroughs” é formada pela junção de elementos que já existem em inglês (“break” + “through”), e não por coinage, que é a criação de uma palavra inteiramente nova.
- B: em “that were uniquely theirs”, “that” retoma “forms of representation” e é o sujeito de “were”; é pronome relativo. Um demonstrativo apontaria para algo, como em “that book”.
- D: “itself”, em “thought itself”, reforça “thought”, o substantivo imediatamente anterior, e não “foundations”. É pronome enfático (intensivo); o reflexivo retomaria o sujeito do verbo como objeto (“she hurt herself”).
- E: “these”, em “these technological breakthroughs”, é determinante demonstrativo: aponta para os avanços já mencionados. Um quantificador indicaria quantidade (some, many, several).
Dica: o pronome relativo retoma um antecedente e liga uma oração a ele; o demonstrativo apenas aponta e acompanha ou substitui um substantivo.
Fundamentos: Gramática inglesa: pronomes relativos (who, which, that) · Gramática inglesa: pronomes intensivos (-self) versus reflexivos · Texto-base: “…and which offered access to new ways of seeing”
Comentário gerado pela Cravei IA a partir do enunciado e do gabarito definitivo divulgado pela banca, e conferido por uma verificação automática. A IA pode errar: o gabarito oficial sempre prevalece.
Fonte: prova Cebraspe UNIVESP 2025 (Diversos cargos), questão 34, com o gabarito definitivo da banca. Comentário: Equipe Cravei · como fazemos e revisamos.